Anticipation analysis can consider how a skilled artisan would interpret the teachings of a prior art reference in deciding whether a claim limitation is disclosed.
A trade secret description that only lists the functions of a finished product, without disclosing the underlying knowledge needed to develop it, is not sufficiently definite. Likewise, a mere list of components without disclosure of the design or development is insufficient to define a trade secret.
At the motion‑to‑dismiss stage, a court may construe claim terms when the parties are given proper notice and a chance to argue their positions. Absent that process, the court must apply the construction advanced by the non‑moving party if a term’s meaning is uncertain.
Disclosure of a broad genus does not provide adequate written description for a narrower subgenus or species unless the specification includes reasonably specific support showing possession of that narrower scope.
The estoppel provision of Section 315(e)(1) does not apply to ex parte reexaminations that were brought before a final written decision was issued in a concurrent IPR. The Patent Office has jurisdiction over ex parte reexaminations concerning expired patents.